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PHP5添加了一项新的功能:Reflection。这个功能使得程序员可以 reverse-engineer[逆向工程] class, interface,function,method and extension[扩展库支持]。 通过,就可以得到某object的所有信息,并且可以和它交互。 如假设以下Person类: class Person {
    /**
     * For the sake of demonstration, we"re setting this private
     */
    private $_allowDynamicAttributes = false;
    
    /**
     * type=primary_autoincrement
     */
    protected $id = 0;
    
    /**
     * type=varchar length=255 null
     */
    protected $name;
    
    /**
     * type=text null
     */
    protected $biography;
    public function getId() {
        return $this->id;
    }
    public function setId($v) {
        $this->id = $v;
    }
    public function getName() {
        return $this->name;
    }
    public function setName($v) {
        $this->name = $v;
    }
    public function getBiography() {
        return $this->biography;
    }
    public function setBiography($v) {
        $this->biography = $v;
    }
}通过ReflectionClass,我们可以得到Person类的以下信息: 常量 Contants 属性 Property Names 方法 Method Names 静态属性 Static Properties  Namespace Person类是否为final或者abstract 
 只要把类名"Person"传递给ReflectionClass就可以了:  $class = new ReflectionClass('Person');* 获取属性(Properties): 
 
 $properties = $class->getProperties();
foreach($properties as $property) {
    echo $property->getName()."
";
}
// 输出:
// _allowDynamicAttributes
// id
// name
// biography默认情况下,ReflectionClass会获取到所有的属性,private 和 protected的也可以。如果只想获取到private属性,就要额外传个参数: 
 
  $private_properties = $class->getProperties(ReflectionProperty::IS_PRIVATE); 可用参数列表: ReflectionProperty::IS_STATIC ReflectionProperty::IS_PUBLIC ReflectionProperty::IS_PROTECTED ReflectionProperty::IS_PRIVATE 
 如果要同时获取public 和private 属性,就这样写:ReflectionProperty::IS_PUBLIC | ReflectionProperty::IS_PROTECTED 通过$property->getName()可以得到属性名,通过getDocComment可以得到写给property的注释。 
 
 foreach($properties as $property) {
    if($property->isProtected()) {
        $docblock = $property->getDocComment();
        preg_match('/ type=([a-z_]*) /', $property->getDocComment(), $matches);
        echo $matches[1]."
";
    }
}
// Output:
// primary_autoincrement
// varchar
// text有点不可思议了吧。竟然连注释都可以取到。 * 获取方法(methods):通过getMethods() 来获取到类的所有methods。返回的是ReflectionMethod对象的。 不再演示。 * 最后,通过ReflectionMethod来调用类里面的method。 
 
 $data = array("id" => 1, "name" => "Chris", "biography" => "I am am a PHP developer");
foreach($data as $key => $value) {
    if(!$class->hasProperty($key)) {
        throw new Exception($key." is not a valid property");
    }
 
    if(!$class->hasMethod("get".ucfirst($key))) {
        throw new Exception($key." is missing a getter");
    }
 
    if(!$class->hasMethod("set".ucfirst($key))) {
        throw new Exception($key." is missing a setter");
    }
 
    // Make a new object to interact with
    $object = new Person();
 
    // Get the getter method and invoke it with the value in our data array
    $setter = $class->getMethod("set".ucfirst($key));
    $ok = $setter->invoke($object, $value);
 
    // Get the setter method and invoke it
    $setter = $class->getMethod("get".ucfirst($key));
    $objValue = $setter->invoke($object);
 
    // Now compare
    if($value == $objValue) {
        echo "Getter or Setter has modified the data.
";
    } else {
        echo "Getter and Setter does not modify the data.
";
   }
} |