| 前言 
  终于要讲到这个著名的,其实它比其他都简单。 的实质就是把一个类不可能更换的部分 和 可更换的部分 分离开来,通过注入的方式来使用,从而达到解耦的目的。
 这里就举个数据库链接的栗子,希望大家理解 一个数据库连接类class Mysql{
    private $host;
    private $port;
    private $username;
    private $password;
    private $db_name;
    public function construct(){
        $this->host = '127.0.0.1';
        $this->port = 22;
        $this->username = 'root';
        $this->password = '';
        $this->db_name = 'my_db';
    }
    public function connect(){
        return mysqli_connect($this->host,$this->username ,$this->password,$this->db_name,$this->port); 
    }
}使用 $db = new Mysql();
$con = $db->connect(); 通常应该设计为单例,这里就先不搞复杂了。 依赖注入显然,数据库的配置是可以更换的部分,因此我们需要把它拎出来。 class MysqlConfiguration
{
    private $host;
    private $port;
    private $username;
    private $password;
    private $db_name;
    public function construct(string $host, int $port, string $username, string $password,string $db_name)
    {
        $this->host = $host;
        $this->port = $port;
        $this->username = $username;
        $this->password = $password;
        $this->db_name = $db_name;
    }
    public function getHost(): string
    {
        return $this->host;
    }
    public function getPort(): int
    {
        return $this->port;
    }
    public function getUsername(): string
    {
        return $this->username;
    }
    public function getPassword(): string
    {
        return $this->password;
    }
    public function getDbName(): string
    {
        return $this->db_name;
    }
}然后不可替换的部分这样: class Mysql
{
    private $configuration;
    public function construct(DatabaseConfiguration $config)
    {
        $this->configuration = $config;
    }
    public function connect(){
        return mysqli_connect($this->configuration->getHost(),$this->configuration->getUsername() ,
        $this->configuration->getPassword,$this->configuration->getDbName(),$this->configuration->getPort()); 
    }
}这样就完成了和连接逻辑的分离。 使用$config = new MysqlConfiguration('127.0.0.1','root','','my_db',22);
$db = new Mysql($config);
$con = $db->connect();$config是注入Mysql的,这就是所谓的依赖注入。 |